Hypertension : Definition, Symptoms, Cause, Diagnosis, And Treatment (article)
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| Blood Pressure Measurement |
What is Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) ?
Hypertension is another name of high blood pressure. Blood pressure itself is the strength of blood flow from the heart that pushes against the walls of the blood vessels (arteries). The power of this blood pressure may change from time to time, influenced by the activity of the heart is what is being done (e.g. moderate exercise or under normal circumstances/breaks) and durability of his blood vessels.
High blood pressure is a condition in which the blood pressure is higher than 140/90 millimeters of mercury (mmHG). Number 140 mmHG systolic readings, referring to when the heart is pumping blood throughout the body. Meanwhile, numbers 90 mmHG diastolic readings, referring to when the heart is in a State of deep relaxation while you recharge Chambers with blood.
Please note that the systolic pressure is the pressure at maximum because the heart is contracting, while the diastolic pressure is the lowest pressure between contractions (heart of the rest).
How should blood pressure normal?
Understanding normal blood pressure numbers is not easy, especially with terms like "systolic", "diastolic" and "millimetres of mercury (mmHg)". However, if you want to keep the blood pressure remains controllable, it is important to know what is considered normal, and when it was said to be too high blood pressure aka hypertension.
Normal blood pressure range in Figure 120/80 mmHG. When the number is systolic and diastolic in this range, then you can be called to have normal blood pressure. Someone recently called high blood or have suffered from hypertension blood pressure readings if the results showed 140/90 mmHG. Blood pressure that is too high will interfere with blood circulation.
However, having normal blood pressure does not mean You can relax. When Your systolic number is between 120-139, or if the numbers diastolic (bottom number) range in 80-89, this means that you have a "prehipertensi". Although this figure can not be considered hypertension, nonetheless it above the normal number. Healthy people are also encouraged to undertake preventive measures to keep my blood pressure stays in the normal range, while avoiding the risk of hypertension and heart disease.
If your blood pressure readings are above 180/110 mmHg, or if you have a systolic pressure or diastolic which is higher than this figure, you risk facing a very serious health problem. This figure indicates a condition called hypertension crisis. If your blood pressure to as high as this, the doctor will usually measure again after a few minutes. If still the same height, you will immediately be given high blood emergency medicine.
How common are hypertension (high blood pressure)?
Almost everyone can experience high blood pressure. World Health Organization (WHO) to call the number currently on the rise globally. Improvement of the adults worldwide who will have hypertension predicted soaring to 29 percent in 2025.
Hypertension is called the "killer quietly" because this disease does not cause long-term symptoms but may lead to life-threatening complications of heart disease.
If not detected early and timely exhaustion, hypertension can lead to serious complications of coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, kidney failure, blindness, diabetes and many other diseases.
Distinctive And Symptoms
What are the signs and symptoms of hypertension (high blood pressure) ?
Sufferers of hypertension usually does not show any trait or just experiencing mild symptoms. However, a severe high blood may cause :
- Severe headache
- Dizziness
- Blurry vision
- Nausea
- Ear ringing
- Confusion
- Irregular heartbeat
- Fatigue
- Chest pain
- It's hard to breathe
- Blood in urine
- The thrill of beating in the chest, neck, or ears
When should I see a doctor?
Contact your doctor immediately if :
- Blood pressure higher than normal (more than 120/80 mm Hg)
- Nosebleeds, headache, or dizziness
- Suffer side effects after taking the drug high blood
Because high blood pressure is hidden and difficult to detect disease, you need your blood pressure checked regularly if you risk exposed to high blood pressure. Search help immediate medical or hospital care if you are aware of the presence of signs or symptoms of abnormality.
If severe headache appears coupled with a nosebleed, this is a crisis of the signs and symptoms of hypertension, a condition of the emergency. Immediately contact your Physician and immediately taken to hospital
Cause
What causes hypertension (high blood pressure) ?
The causes of hypertension are unclear are called primary hypertension are not understood properly the mechanism. But high blood pressure can also be caused by a sedentary lifestyle and poor eating patterns.
Take for example, smoking. Smoking is one of the trunk alone can cause a spike in blood pressure and can improve the levels of systolic blood pressure by as much as 4 mmHG. The nicotine in tobacco products stimulate the nervous system to release chemicals that can narrow your blood vessels and contribute to high blood pressure.
Most eat salty foods, containing sodium (processed foods, canned foods, fast food), and food or drink containing artificial sweeteners can also raise cholesterol and/or high blood pressure.
High blood pressure can appear as a side effect of drug treatment of kidney failure and heart disease. This condition is called secondary hypertension. Pill or flu drugs that are sold in drug stores can also cause high blood pressure. The pregnant woman or the use of hormone replacement therapy may also experience high blood pressure.
High blood pressure because the drug might be normal after stopping taking the drug, but in some cases, blood pressure is still on the rise for the past few weeks after discontinuing use of the drug. You should ask a doctor if abnormal blood pressure continue to occur.
Children under 10 years old are often experiencing high blood pressure because other diseases, such as kidney disease. In such cases, the child's blood pressure will return to normal after consuming high blood medications.
The Risk Factors
Who's at risk exposed to hypertension (high blood pressure) ?
Most cases of high blood pressure in primary hypertension is classified as a teenager. As adults, the primary cause of hypertension is not fully understood. Some teens seem to inherit a tendency get high blood pressure from their parents, while others fall victim to bad lifestyle, resulting in obesity and body shape is not ideal that the term referred to the doctor as "declining cardiovascular fitness ".
In some cases, hypertension in teens based on certain medical conditions that were already ahead of her, such as heart disease or kidney.
But in General, the following factors can increase the risk of a person exposed to hypertension :
- Fatigue
- Diabetes
- Uric acid
- Obesity
- High cholesterol
- Kidney disease
- Alcohol addiction
- Women who use birth control pills
- People who have a parent or grandparent with high blood pressure.
The information provided is not a substitute for medical advice. Always consult Your doctor.
Does high blood pressure can be cured ?
High blood pressure or hypertension is a permanent condition in which blood pressure continuously high or more than 140/90 mmHg. You can't feel the hypertension. A lot of people who don't even know they have high blood. Hypertension can arise without any physical symptoms, which secretly damage the blood vessels and cause serious health threats.
Because hypertension is not a disease in its own right, but rather a syndrome or set of symptoms of the disease in the body. Hypertension can be caused by other diseases, such as heart disease or kidney disease. If your high blood pressure caused by other underlying disease, hypertension can be cured with how to treat the root cause — if indeed the fundamental diseases likely to be cured.
However, most cases of high blood pressure (about 85% to 90%) in the world belongs to the hypertension primer. In most cases, the primary hypertension condition suffered by almost most people affected by descent (genetic) or lifestyle/environment is not healthy. For some cases, the cause of primary hypertension cannot be determined. This type of hypertension is not curable, it can only be controlled with high blood medications.
Thus, when blood pressure is down, not that you recovered from hypertension. You still have the potential risk of complications caused by the disease of hypertension when symptoms are not maintained and the blood pressure back up.
Treatment
Medicine And Diagnosis
What are high blood medications often used ?
Hypertension treatment is essential to reduce the risk of death due to heart disease.
Some examples are remedy frequently prescribed high blood are :
- Diuretic: chlorotiazide, chlorthalidone, indapamide, HCT/hydrochlorotiazide, metolazone, bumetanide, furosemide, torsemide, amilorid, triamterene)
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, captopril, enalapril: lisinopril, benazepril hydrochloride, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, and trandolapril hydrochloride)
- Beta-blockers: atenolol, propranolol, metoprolol, nadolol, acebutolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, esmilol, nebivolol, and sotalol)
- Calcium channel inhibitor: amlodipine, diltiazem, felodipine, clevidipine, isradipine, nicardipine, nifedipine, nimodipine, nisoldipine and)
- Alpha blockers doxazosin, terazosin hydrochloride:, and prazosin hydrochloride
- Vasodilator: hydralazine and minoxidil
- Central-acting agents: clonidine, methyldopa, and guanfacine.
What are the usual tests for the diagnosis of high blood pressure (hypertension) ?
Hypertension is diagnosed via a blood pressure test techniques. Inspection techniques will be performed multiple times to ensure accurate results. If your blood pressure is high, your doctor may ask you to check back and track them repeatedly at regular intervals.
When your blood pressure more than usual in the examination 140/90 mmHg, doctors will diagnose You with high blood pressure. If you suffer from chronic diseases, such as diabetes or kidney disease, blood pressure and more 130/80 mm Hg, you also undiagnosed hypertension.
The doctor will ask you to lie lay down to measure your blood pressure. Blood pressure will be lower in children than adults and will increase gradually as the children grew. You need to ask the doctor to know more clearly about the normal blood pressure.
It should be understood that the results of blood pressure readings at the doctor and at home can be different. Because, if you feel nervous every was in the hospital or at the doctor's practice, your blood pressure can go up on each visit so that the results can be seen from an examination of the doctor that your blood pressure is generally high. This phenomenon is also called "white coat hypertension". Therefore, doctors may want to measure your blood pressure more than once and away from the practice room. This will help determine whether you only have white coat hypertension or you really have high blood pressure.
If you have a white coat hypertension, possibly the risk of high blood pressure you can continue to increase in the future. Therefore, it is important to check blood pressure by a doctor or other health expert at least every six to 12 months. This will give you plenty of time to make lifestyle changes that may be helpful.
Treatment at home
What are the lifestyle changes that can be done to overcome hypertension (high blood pressure) ?
A decrease in blood pressure up to 2 mmHg can decrease 7 percent risk of death from heart attack and 10% risk of death from stroke.
On the other hand, the symptoms of hypertension is not always has to be handled with medical drugs. In addition to the consumption of drugs, positive lifestyle changes such as a balanced diet and low salt, exercise, not smoking and not drinking alcohol, and weight management can help lower blood pressure so that normal blood pressure always — at the same time pressing your risk against other disease risk due to complications of hypertension, like heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. That means, manage blood pressure is a lifelong commitment.
Natural remedies such as abdominal breathing, muscle relaxation, and others can help relieve stress which may occur as a side effect of hypertension. Moreover, emotional stress affect your blood pressure. So learn to parse-pick the priorities of life and away from the trigger away from stress as the same important mentoring efforts to manage your blood pressure.
It is true that a combination of prescription medications and a healthy lifestyle changes can help you prevent experience increased blood pressure. But you should also routinely checked the blood pressure on a regular basis and following the doctor's treatment plan to be able to monitor and control Your health condition.
The more you grow older, precautionary measures are becoming more important. The systolic pressure is usually will slowly go up after you reached the age of 50 years. Keep keep the weight to ideal, which can be achieved with a healthy diet and exercise. Having a healthy weight will reduce the chances of You affected by hypertension.
If you have any questions, consult with a doctor to the one best solution of your problems.
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